Women of my generation who've stayed in science have done it by playing the men at their own game.

In science, technology, engineering and mathematics, men far outnumber women in the classroom and the boardroom.

The more people we can attract to science and technology - men, women, everybody - the more economic opportunity we have as a nation.

We can celebrate how far we've come from our sexist past when women and men are equally represented in the pages of science fiction anthologies.

If you look through the shelves of science books, you'll find row after row of books written by men. This can be terribly off-putting for women.

Doing science at the highest level is hard for anyone. It's hard for women, and it's hard for the men. And we need to have supportive mentors and role models we can look up to.

In mathematics and science, there is no difference in the intelligence of men and women. The difference in genes between men and women is simply the Y chromosome, which has nothing to do with intelligence.

When I was a physics major in the late 1970s, my very few fellow female students and I had high hopes that women would soon stand equal with men in science. But progress has proved slower than many of us imagined.

The only difference between men and women in science is that the women have the babies. This makes it more difficult for women in science but should not be seen as a barrier, for it is merely another challenge to be overcome.

I was thrilled and amazed when I found out we won the Nobel Prize. The dedicated and talented women and men of the COBE team collaborated to produce the science results being recognized. This is truly such a rare and special honor.

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